Vim li cas thiaj xaiv cov fiberglass thiab graphene pab pab pawg rau cov cim tshiab ntawm Super Cov Khoom Siv Monene Hiberglass?
Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus cov cua sov ntawm cov dav hlau tawg, sai sai subway, sai sai sai sai sai sai sov subway, thiab txawm nce kev lag luam kom qhuav los ntawm kwv yees li 30%. Nws yog tus "huab tais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab," graphene, ib qho tshwm sim ntawm nws tus ntoo khaub lig-} {{-iav yas."
Dab tsi yog mono -iav yas? Cia peb pib nrog carbon. Ntawm 118 lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub rooj ntu, carbon yog tus tsis muaj kev tsis pom "tus tswv." Nws tsim tus qaum qaum ntawm lub neej nyob hauv ntiaj teb thiab tuaj yeem tsim kho los ntawm cov cim kev sib txuas lus, hloov pauv mus rau hauv pob zeb diamond, graphite, thiab txawm graphene.
Yog tias graphite piv rau cov phau ntawv tuab, graphene yog nplooj nyias nyias nyob hauv nws. Tsuas yog 0.334 nanometers tuab, sib npaug rau 1 / 200,000 lub cheeb ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau, nws muaj qhov xav tsis thoob "" Nws lub zog tensile yog 200 lub sij hawm ntawm cov hlau, nws cov thermal conductivity yog 13 zaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo li yog li 100, thiab nws cov chaw sib txuas lus hluav taws xob tau tshaj li 97.7%. Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua "nyias li Cicada tus tis, muaj zog dua li cov hlau" tau ua Graphene ib lub hnub qub nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv ntiaj teb.
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm graphene nws tus kheej yog ib zaj dab neeg txuj ci tshiab. Cov kws tshawb fawb kev kwv yees hais txog nws lub neej nyob rau xyoo 1947, tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm ua nws tsis muaj peev xwm tsim nws vim yog thermodynamic intability ntawm ob- cov ntaub ntawv. Xyoo 2004, cov kws tshawb fawb tau yuam kev ib zaug ntawm graphene los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv pheej ua ke nrog daim kab xev. Txoj kev yooj yim no tau txais lawv xyoo 2010 Nobel nqi zog hauv physics. Hauv Suav Teb, Anpitalian Liu Zhongfan pab pawg ua tiav qhov kev npaj txhij txog kev hloov tshiab, txuas ntxiv txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv super. Ib tug tub ntxhais kawm tau muab tso rau khob rau hauv ib lub chaw kuaj cua sov thiab kev poob nthav "loj hlob" graphene ntawm insulating iav nto. Qhov tawg no tau tso cai rau graphene kom loj hlob tsuas yog ntawm cov hlau me me, tso ib lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke tom ntej.
Vim li cas thiaj xaiviav yasThiab graphene rau kev sib koom tes no? Cov lus teb nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm cov iav fiber ntau. Ua los ntawm iav raw cov ntaub ntawv melted thiab kos ntawm cov khoom kub, tsis yog 7} Cov khoom siv fiber ntau, muab cov khoom siv fiber ntau dua li 7} {{{} kub tsis kam. Pab neeg tshawb fawb tau kos rau nws cov "pob txha pob ntseg". Siv tshuaj lom neeg vapor deposition, lawv coated lubiav yasnrog graphene "daim tawv nqaij." Qhov no "daim tawv nqaij" tsis yog muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov fiber ntau thiab tawm tsam kev tshem tawm "ntawm hluav taws xob thiab cua sov kev thaiv thiab thaiv hluav taws xob.
Niaj hnub no, lub ntiaj teb thawj 'meter' - dav moneneiav yasCov cuab yeej tsim khoom tau ua tiav txhua xyoo ntau lawm muaj peev xwm ntawm 20,000 square metres, nqa txiav - ntug kev tshawb fawb los ntawm kev lag luam kab haujlwm. Qhov no "rigidity thiab yooj" hloov pauv "kev hloov pauv tshiab yog kev hloov lub ntiaj teb {}} hloov fais fab hauv ntau daim teb. Hauv aviation, nas tis de- iching relies ntawm bulky tiv taus xov hlau thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm davhlau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, monene iav fiber ntau, nrog hluav taws xob {{8} {- kev hloov pauv kub ntawm ntau dua 90%, tsim cov dej kub thiab yaj hauv vib nas this. Tsuas yog txuas rau ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm tus tis ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb davhlau.
Hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, ib daim teb Hunan tau ua liaj ua teb muaj cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, embedding monene iav fiber ntau rau hauv tuaj. Zoo li cov ntaub pua hluav taws xob ntse, lub thev naus laus zis ua kom sov thiab ua kom lub cev luv luv ntawm cov tshuab thiab cua sov}- icing. Qhov thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv lub neej lub neej thiab txhim kho kev lag luam ua haujlwm ntawm cua ua liaj ua teb. Hauv kev sib koom ua ke pej xeem, qee zaum ntawm Beijing Subway Yizhuang Kab Cua Sov Txheej, Tsa Kub rau 40℃hauv 10 {8 vib nas this. Nws tseem emits nyob deb-infrared "lub teeb ntawm lub neej" nyob rau hauv 4-15 micron wavelength ntau, ib vavelength loj me me rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj. Tshuab thev naus laus zis coj kev sov siab thiab kev noj qab haus huv ua ke.
Thaum txiav - ug ntug thev naus laus zis ua rau nws lub neej txhua hnub, qhov "muaj peev xwm" kev tshawb fawb tau hloov pauv lub ntiaj teb.
Lub "superpower" ntawm graphene ua tau raws li "kev nyuaj" ntawm cov iav fiber. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog rov kho cov ciaj ciam ntawm cov khoom ua tau zoo tab sis tseem ua rau pom lub siab tawv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm Suav kev tshawb fawb. Lub neej yav tom ntej woven los ntawm graphene thiab iav caw kom ntau tus neeg los pib ntawm cov hiav txwv loj heev.
