Taw qhia ntawm Fiberglass thiab Ntau Lawm

Keeb kwm

iav fiberstau tsim rau ntau pua xyoo, tab sis qhov ntxov tshaj plaws patent tau muab rau Prussian inventor Hermann Hammesfahr (1845-1914) hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas hauv 1880.

Kev tsim khoom loj ntawm cov iav fiber ntau tau nrhiav pom nyob rau xyoo 1932 thaum Games Slayter, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm Owens-Illinois, tau coj lub dav hlau compressed cua ntawm cov kwj ntawm cov iav molten thiab tsim fibers. Daim ntawv patent rau txoj kev tsim cov iav ntaub plaub no yog thawj zaug thov rau xyoo 1933. Owens tau koom nrog lub tuam txhab Corning hauv xyoo 1935 thiab cov txheej txheem tau hloov kho los ntawm Owens Corning los tsim nws cov patented "Fiberglas" (spelled nrog ib "s") hauv 1936. Keeb kwm, Fiberglas yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov iav fiber ntau ntawm cov khoom siv fiberglass. kub kub.

Ib qho tsim nyog rau kev sib txuas cov fiberglass nrog cov yas los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1936 los ntawm du Pont. Thawj cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm niaj hnub polyester resins yog Cyanamid's resin xyoo 1942. Peroxide curing systems tau siv los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm fiberglass thiab resin cov roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tau hloov los ntawm yas. Qhov no txo ​​cov rwb thaiv tsev rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas, tab sis tam sim no thawj zaug, cov khoom sib xyaw tau pom muaj zog thiab cog lus tias yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov khoom siv. Ntau cov iav fiber ntau txuas ntxiv hu ua "fiberglass" (raws li lub npe generic) thiab lub npe kuj tau siv rau qhov tsawg- iav ntaub plaub cov khoom uas muaj roj es tsis txhob yas.

Ray Greene ntawm Owens Corning tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tsim thawj lub nkoj sib xyaw hauv xyoo 1937 tab sis tsis tau mus ntxiv rau lub sijhawm vim qhov nkig ntawm cov yas siv. Xyoo 1939 Russia tau tshaj tawm tias tau tsim lub nkoj neeg caij tsheb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas, thiab Tebchaws Meskas muaj lub fuselage thiab tis ntawm lub dav hlau. Thawj lub tsheb uas muaj fiber ntau- iav lub cev yog 1946 qauv ntawm Stout Scarab, tab sis tus qauv tsis nkag mus rau ntau lawm.

Ntau lawm

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim fiberglass hu ua pultrusion. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau cov iav fibers haum rau kev txhawb nqa siv cov cub tawg loj kom maj mam yaj cov silica xuab zeb, limestone, kaolin av nplaum, fluorspar, colemanite, dolomite thiab lwm yam minerals kom txog thaum cov ntaub ntawv ua kua. Nws yog ces extruded los ntawm bushings, uas yog bundles ntawm me me orifices (feem ntau 5-25 micrometers inch rau E- iav, 9 micrometers rau S- iav).

Cov filaments no ces me me (coated) nrog tshuaj tov. Cov filaments ntawm tus kheej tam sim no tau ntim nrog ntau tus neeg los muab kev rov qab. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov filaments, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm filaments nyob rau hauv lub roving, txiav txim siab nws qhov hnyav, feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ob txoj kev ntsuas: tawm los, los yog yards ib phaus (tus naj npawb ntawm yards ntawm fiber nyob rau hauv ib phaus ntawm cov khoom; yog li ib tug me me txhais tau tias ib tug hnyav rov qab). Piv txwv ntawm cov qauv yields yog 225yield, 450yield, 675yield.tex, los yog grams tauj ib km (yuav pes tsawg grams 1 km ntawm roving hnyav, inverted los ntawm yield; yog li ib tug me me txhais tau tias ib tug sib dua roving). Piv txwv ntawm tus qauv tex yog 750tex, 1100tex, 2200tex.

Cov rovings no yog siv ncaj qha rau hauv daim ntawv thov xws li pultrusion, filament winding (pipe), rab phom rov qab (qhov twg ib rab phom automated chops lub khob rau hauv luv luv thiab tee rau hauv ib lub dav hlau ntawm resin, projected rau saum npoo ntawm pwm), los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug intermediary kauj ruam, los tsim fabrics xws li tws strand lev (CSM) los yog ib tug me me daim ntawv cog lus. woven fabrics, knit fabrics los yog unidirectional fabrics.