Noj clams zoo li noj khob tawg? Cov khoom uas ua rau cov nkoj tsis txawj tuag tau li cas rau ntawm tib neeg lub rooj noj mov?

Zaj dab neeg pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-20th caug xyoo nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib yam khoom hu uafiberglassReinforced yas (GRP). Nws muaj ob qhov chaw: zoo iav fibers ua ib lub cev pob txha thiab cob (feem ntau polyester los yog epoxy) ua muab tub lim.

Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no yog lub teeb yuag, muaj zog, thiab corrosion- tiv taus, hloov ntoo sai sai thiab dhau los ua tus hlub ntawm kev lag luam shipbuilding. Hauv Brazil, nrog kev nce ntawm kev caij nkoj thiab nuv ntses, ntau txhiab lub nkoj fiberglass tau pib. Thaum lub sij hawm, tib neeg tsuas pom nws qhov zoo: nws tsis rot zoo li ntoo, thiab tsis xeb zoo li hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv "durability" tau dhau los ua kev puas tsuaj ntau xyoo tom qab.

Los ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st, thawj lub nkoj fiberglass tau pib mus txog lawv lub hnub nyoog so haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev soj ntsuam nrog cov behemoths yog qhov kim heev thiab kev nyuaj. Kev sib xyaw iav thiab cob ua ke yog qhov nyuaj raws li rov qab ua lub ncuav mog qab zib zoo kawg nkaus rov qab mus rau hmoov nplej thiab qe.

Hauv tebchaws Brazil, vim tias tsis muaj cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab thiab tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom pov tseg, ntau tus tswv nkoj tau xaiv txoj hauv kev qub: khawb ib lub qhov hauv lub nkoj thiab cia nws ploj mus ntsiag to hauv hav zoov hav zoov lossis hav zoov. Kev txheeb cais qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv Guanabara Bay ib leeg, kaum ob, txawm pua ​​pua, ntawm cov "zombie nkoj" tau zaum tsis muaj sijhawm ntev, lawv cov hulls pib tawg nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob thiab nthwv dej.

Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov teeb meem muaj kuab paug. Txawm tias cov nkoj tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam tsim teeb meem thaum kho. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kab mob los ntawm kev sib txuas, cov hulls feem ntau yog coated nrog cov xim pleev xim uas muaj cov hlau hnyav thiab cov kab mob bactericides.

Thaum cov neeg ua hauj lwm xuab zeb cov hulls npaj rau repainting, los yog thaum lub hulls ib txwm hnav nyob rau hauv dej, hmoov av uas muaj fiberglass khib nyiab thiab alkyd resins ntog zoo li snowflakes rau saum npoo.

Bivalve mollusks yog "lub tshuab nqus tsev" ntawm dej hiav txwv; lawv yuav tsum tsis tu ncua lim dej hiav txwv kom tau txais cov as-ham. Ib tus neeg laus oyster tuaj yeem lim tau ze li ntawm 200 litres dej ib hnub. Lawv ntes cov teeb meem hauv dej siv cilia ntawm lawv cov gills. Cov kab mob no tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm phytoplankton thiab cov iav fiber ntau me me, noj lawv tag nrho.

Dr. Corina Ciocan ntawm University of Brighton hauv tebchaws Askiv tau ua txoj kev tshawb fawb uas nws tau tshawb pom qhov xav tsis thoob ntawm iav fibers hauv oysters los ntawm Chichester Harbor (ib cheeb tsam uas muaj kev ua yacht siab). Thaum lub caij ntuj no, lub caij ncov rau kev saib xyuas nkoj, txog li 11,220 iav fiber ntau tau pom ib kilogram ntawm cov nqaij oyster.

Thaum qhov kev tshawb fawb no ncaj qha rau tsom iav fiber ntau tau ua nyob rau hauv UK, qhov xwm txheej hauv Brazil yuav hnyav dua. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab São Paulo (UNIFESP) hauv Brazil tau tshawb pom ntau ntawm alkyd polymers, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim pleev xim rau hauv nkoj, hauv ob sab hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv ntug hiav txwv. Txij li cov xim pleev xim rau saum npoo tau noj los ntawm cov clams, cov iav fibers uas tsim cov substrate yog ib txwm tsis tseg ib qho.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov fibers ntse no tuaj yeem tho rau hauv ob sab ntawm clam lub plab zom mov, ua rau muaj kev mob hnyav heev. Qhov no ua rau txo qis clam noj qab haus huv thiab stunted kev loj hlob. Ironically, cov clams no feem ntau muaj "kev nkag siab tsis tseeb ntawm kev puv" vim yog noj cov yas thiab iav tsis zoo, thaum kawg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo txawm tias lawv cov khw muag khoom "khoom khib nyiab".

Qhov no txhais li cas rau Brazilians?

Nws txhais tau hais tias thaum ib tug neeg xaj ib lub phaj ntawm cov nplaum nplaum nplaum nrog qej, lawv kuj yuav tau xaj "me me fiberglass pluas noj." Thaum nws yuav tsis tua lawv, xav txog cov koob iav me me thiab cov xim pleev xim uas muaj cov hlau hnyav taug kev los ntawm koj lub plab zom mov tsis yog qhov kev paub zoo.

Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov khoom no muaj cov hlau hnyav xws li txhuas, tooj liab, thiab zinc, nrog rau cov tshuaj xws li phthalates. Phthalates feem ntau ntseeg tias cuam tshuam rau tib neeg endocrine system. Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov khoom yuav raug tso tawm tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov khoom seem yuav tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv, lossis cov khoom lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem txav mus los, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntev ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg cov ntaub so ntswg.

Tam sim no, qhov teeb meem no tau dhau los ua ceev ceev. Los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj muaj kev lag luam loj ntawm Paranagua mus rau qhov theoretically pristine Rocas Atoll, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom cov kab mob anthropogenic los ntawm cov nkoj. Dej hiav txwv thiab cua, zoo li cov neeg xa khoom tsis muaj zog, thauj cov pa phem no mus rau txhua lub ces kaum.

Tsuav cov plua plav los ntawm polishing lub nkoj lub nkoj tseem poob rau hauv hiav txwv tsis kuaj, cov clams underwater yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau nws.